Residência multiprofissional em saúde materno-infantil: um olhar sobre a formação em saúde no Seridó Potiguar

Abstract

The Multidisciplinary Residencies in Health, constituted as a health training proposal articulating practices and theoretical fields, as well as proposing to transform practices into actions guided by the reflection of reality and by the principles of the Unified Health System, contribute to resizing the routine of services and health professionals. Thus, the main objective of this research is to understand the process of health education in the perception of teaching-service of the Multidisciplinary Residency Program in Maternal and Child Health in Seridó Potiguar. The reason that led us to carry out this study was to understand the insertion, contributions and challenges of the implementation and execution of the RMSMI through teaching-service integration, in which we sought to contribute to the production of knowledge of the professional category, as well as to bring reflections and questions about the training and work of multiprofessional residency programs. It is a research, with a qualitative approach, of an exploratory and analytical nature, divided into three stages: the first stage was intended to characterize the evolution of the Maternal and Child Health Policy in Brazil, as well as to characterize the Cegonha Network in Rio Grande do Norte, pointing out the particularities of the Seridó Potiguar. In the second stage, an attempt was made to apprehend the socio-historical process of Multiprofessional Health Residencies in Brazil, reflecting on the internalization of multiprofessional residency programs in Rio Grande do Norte. In the third and final stage, analyze the teaching-service interaction as a strategy in health training for Seridó Potiguar, knowing the structure and functioning of the Multidisciplinary Residency Program in Maternal and Child Health, as well as identifying the limits and possibilities of the training process of residents in Seridó Potiguar. For this, document analyzes and bibliographical research were carried out and through the application of semi-structured interviews, with a sample of eight residents, divided between graduates and residents. The data were treated through a content analysis. The research was also based on the method of the historical-dialectical materialist. The data produced allowed us to perceive that the teaching-service interaction in the training of PRMSMI residents as a process that has a series of challenges to be overcome, for example: the fragility of the theoretical axis, the prevalence of the practical axis over the theoretical, the lack of preceptors from the different nuclei in the service's services, the Multicampi character, among others. However, at the same time, residents contribute significantly to health services, as well as to the quality and humanization of care and attention to users as a result of their integrative actions that they develop in maternal and child health in Seridó Potiguar.