Ventilação mecânica não invasiva no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiac surgeries are associated with changes in gas exchange and respiratory mechanics, which can develop into frames of acute respiratory failure. These changes are related to the following: pain due to surgical incision, type of surgery, placement of drains, need and CEC time and general anesthesia, leading to changes in mechanical and lung capacity, which are responsible for high morbidity and mortality postoperatively. Methods: Therefore, we carried out a literature review by searching the electronic databases: LILACS, MEDLINE, SciELO, PubMed and Cochrane, in the period February 2016 to March of the same year. In order to investigate the efficacy of VMNI in patients in the postoperative cardiac surgery, evaluating pulmonary and hemodynamic effects, applied protocols, and the most effective modality in reversing respiratory changes in postoperative cardiac surgery. Results: the studies surveyed demonstrated that the use of VMNI, promotes reduction of respiratory work, reversing atelectasis, improvement in lung compliance, recovery of CRF increase in CVF and reduced pre- and afterload. Also showed that 30 minutes of use of VMNI promoted a significant increase of PaO2.