Fatores associados ao parto prematuro em uma maternidade pública

Abstract

The present study aimed to verify the factors related to premature birth. The research was analytical, cross - sectional and quantitative. It was developed in a public maternity hospital in the city of Natal, with a sample of 300 women, and a questionnaire was applied from July to October 2018. Data were analyzed using Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate the Prevalence Ratio (RP). In the multiple model we considered the variables that had a value of p <0.20, in the bivariate analysis performed by means of the Poisson regression test and the variables with p <0.05 remained in the model. Of the total sample, it is noteworthy that the majority were adults (86,7%), from Natal (53,5%), from the urban zone (77,3%), have good schooling (52,7%), are from the home (52,3%), are not white (75,7%), have low purchasing power, had few comorbidities prior to gestation (adequate say of hypertension and smoking), most were multiparous (68,3%). Regarding prenatal care, despite the number of visits and adequate prenatal initiation, the access to the laboratory tests was lower than recommended. As far as access is concerned, 45% of women arriving at the service are housed in the corridor, 59.4% have a cesarean delivery, 96.1% are single gestations and 39.3% of births are premature. There were several intercurrences during pregnancy in the sample studied, but gestational hypertension, urinary tract infection and threat of preterm labor were the most frequent. In turn, the prevalence of preterm births in inland women was 54% (PR = 1.54) higher than those with residence in Great Natal. As well as, it was 86% (PR = 1.86) higher among women who had multiple pregnancies compared to those who had only one gestation. In view of the results, the study resulted in an intervention project that will be carried out at the institution where the research was carried out as well as at the State Health Secretariat level, with a view to reducing premature births.