Contribuição das energias renováveis para mitigação dos efeitos das mudanças climáticas: estudos de casos da energia eólica em países selecionados da América do Sul (2010-2018)

Abstract

This work assesses the possibilities of wind energy as a source of electrical energy and mitigating the effects of climate change in selected countries in South America. The particularities of the energy sector in South America have the challenge of seeking solutions for the development of energy generation renewable source, especially in the field of electricity. In this context, wind energy plays an important role in contributing to the mitigation of environmental damage, resulting from the intensive use of fossil energy sources as a basis for structuring economic development projects in progress since the end of the 19th century and with great strength during throughout the 20th century, when the predominant use of oil, coal and natural gas is visible. This research deals with essential aspects linked to the phenomenon of climate change, such as, for example, the discussions that underlie concerns about the degradation of the environment, and that, therefore, requires a global effort to find ways capable of making human-nature relations more consistent with the protection of the natural environment and with the conditions of economic development that are more socially equitable and ecologically sustainable. As a general result, and in view of access to the information collected, turns out that the need to face the problems arising from global environmental impacts is not only necessary, but also urgent, especially when regional disparities are very significant in terms of degrees of development socioeconomic status between countries and / or regions. Therefore, this confrontation must cross several economic sectors that contribute incessantly to increase emissions of greenhouse gases, such as the transport and energy sectors. In the case of energy, initiatives should favor the diversification of an energy matrix in favor of a greater representation of renewable sources, but also aiming at the conservation of energy and the efficiency in its use.