Realidade virtual no contexto do ensino médico: análise do conceito

Abstract

The study aimed to analyze the concept of virtual reality (VR) in medical education. This is a conceptual analysis based on the methodology suggested by Walker & Avant. The methodological steps were developed based on a scoping review, as proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The literature search was carried out in the following databases: PUBMED, PubMed Central (PMC), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Google Scholar, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE), Spanish Bibliographic Index on Health Sciences (IBECS) and Cuban Medical Sciences Information (CUMED), using the descriptor “Virtual Reality” and its respective translation into English and Spanish. The final sample consisted of 49 studies. Eight characteristics, eight antecedents and sixteen consequences of the experimental study were identified. Two cases were constructed to better clarify the analyzed concept, one contrary case and one model case. Finally, the following definition is given: VR is a simulation technology, developed from software that promotes interaction and integration in a virtual environment, in a three-dimensional way, with or without the use of avatars. It is a safe, accessible, flexible, possibly economical and ethically recommended resource. Promote the development and improvement of medical and interprofessional skills, offering increased knowledge, confidence, satisfaction and improvement with learning outcomes. The expanded understanding of VR in the medical context could contribute to improving teachinglearning processes in health, as well as reflecting better training and professional qualifications.