Tradução e adaptação transcultural de guia para paciente formador em estomia intestinal

Abstract

Since 2006, Spain has implemented programs to train expert patients and trainers through workshops that provide specific educational resources, such as the guide “Living with a Stoma: Training for Trainers”, which provides group dynamics techniques, communication skills and care plans adapted to the condition of the person with a stoma, focusing on autonomy, self-management and self-efficacy. Despite a global paradigm shift regarding care centered on the autonomy of people with chronic conditions, especially people with a stoma, Brazil still does not have patient training schools and scientific and technological productions on this topic are scarce. Thus, it is possible to introduce this paradigm shift with models and technologies that have already been tested and considered stable in other contexts. Thus, the study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt a guide aimed at training trainers in intestinal stoma. This is, therefore, a methodological study for the translation, adaptation and validation of the content of the aforementioned guide, developed by the Andalusia Expert Patient School program in Spain. The translation and cultural adaptation for the Brazilian context followed Beaton's (2007) methodological framework, adapted for educational technology, and occurred in five operational phases: Authorization from the authors of the work; Initial translations; Synthesis of translations; Back-translation; and Composition of a committee of experts. The back-translation demonstrated the semantic, idiomatic, and cultural adequacy of the initial translations and the synthesis. The last stage verified the content validation with experts in the area of stomatherapy and technological development, which occurred in two Delphi rounds. In both rounds, the Content Validity Index (CVI) was higher than 0.75 in the three evaluation aspects of the Health Educational Content Validation Instrument (CVI): objective, structure, and relevance. This result indicated quality regarding the content after corrections and adaptations suggested by the experts in the first round. This resulted in a material whose content was considered validated and adapted for the Brazilian context. It is concluded that the process of translating and adapting this material can strengthen the development and adherence of care strategies centered on the active participation of patients with intestinal ostomies in Brazil, as well as stimulate the development of future educational technologies, programs and public policies based on self-management and self-efficacy.