Análise da situação epidemiológica das arboviroses dengue, chikungunya e zika no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

Abstract

Monitoring the epidemiological behavior of arboviruses is extremely relevant, since knowledge about the simultaneous circulation of dengue, zika and chikungunya viruses is still incipient. The objective of this study is to analyze the time series, epidemiological profile and spatial distribution of dengue, chikungunya and zika cases in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Grande do Norte The population was composed of the historical series of reported cases of dengue in the period from 2007 to 2016 available in the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System and for all confirmed cases of dengue, chikungunya and zika reported in the Aggravated Disease Information System during the period 2015-2017, and obtained through the Datasus platform and the fact sheets of notification and investigation of cases available at the Public Health Secretariat of the State of Rio Grande do Norte. The study was approved and followed all the precepts of Resolution No. 466 of 2012 of the National Health Council and obtained a favorable opinion from the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte under number 2,445,935, in addition to the Certificate of Presentation for Ethics Assessment 80007217.0.0000.5537. The region in which most reported cases of dengue fever were recorded during the time series was the Metropolitan Region (VII) with 93,424 reported cases. The year in which the three arboviruses were most affected was 2016 and the health region with the highest number of confirmed cases in the period 2015-2017 was the region of Mossoró (II), with a total of 12,253 confirmed cases of dengue, chikungunya and zika. Regarding the sociodemographic characterization, the sex most affected was the female, the age group with the highest incidence of the time series was 60-69 years and the confirmed cases of the three arboviruses in the years 2015-2017 was 20-34 years. According to the clinical signs, the ones that obtained the highest frequency were: headache, fever, myalgia and intense arthralgia. Regarding the variable hospitalization, there was a predominance of information as ignored / blank, the percentages obtained values above 56% and, on the evolution of the case, approximately 63% evolved to cure. It was noticed that during the year 2016 there was a substantial improvement in the completion of these records, which obtained more information about the variables that are present in the records and the data analyzed were more in keeping with the information contained in the epidemiological bulletins. Therefore, it is encouraged the development of actions to qualify professionals who are responsible for completing the notification forms and, from this, there is more effectiveness in completing it, consequently, improving the quality of information.