Ansiedade, estresse, depressão e apoio social em profissionais da higienização hospitalar durante o período do SARS-Cov-2

Abstract

Duetotheworkcharacteristics, the hospital sanitation professional issubjectedto a conditionofvulnerabilityas a resultofoccupationaloverloadssuch as physical – musculoskeletaldamage, chemical – riskofinfectiousandpsychological – anxiety, stress, sleepdisordersandemotionaldistress. Thisvulnerabilitywaseven more evident for the hospital sanitationteam in thisperiodofCovid-19 pandemicas a consequenceofthe high levelsofcontaminationandriskof death thatthe new coronavirusimposes. The objectiveofthisstudyistoinvestigatethelevelsofanxiety, depressionand stress among hospital sanitationprofessionalsandtheirrelationwithperceived social support, as a functionofsociodemographicandhealthaspects. Thisisanexploratory, descriptive, crosssectionalstudywith a quantitative approach thatused online data collectionwith 95 professionalsfromthesanitation sector of a hospital. They answered a sociodemographicquestionnaire, the DASS-21 depression, anxietyand stress scaleandthe MOS-SSS social supportscale. For comparisonsof social support, Fisher'sexacttestwasused, themultiple linear regression model wasusedto define scores, andnormalitywastestedbythe Shapiro-Wilk test. The levelofsignificanceadoptedwas 5%. As a result, 15.7% hadsymptomsofdepression, 13.68% ofanxietyand 5.2% of stress. The prevalenceofemotionalstateswashigher for womenandpeoplewhohadalreadyreceivedsupportby a mental health professional beforeorduringthepandemic. Ourfindingsalsofoundthatpeoplewhoreceivedgreater social supporthad a lowerprevalenceofdevelopingsymptomsofdepression, anxietyand stress, both for menandwomen. In general, menperceivegreater social supportthanwomen, especially in social interaction. The affectivecomponentof social supportprovedtohavebeentheelementwiththegreatest positive impactonemotionalstates, especially for women, especiallyonsymptomsofdepression. For men, thegreatest negative impactoftheabsenceof social supportwasevidencedbythepresenceof stress symptoms.