Betabloqueadores como indutores de diabetes tipo 2: uma revisão integrativa.

Abstract

Introduction - Beta-blockers act as adrenergic receptor antagonists and are recognized for their cardiovascular effects. However, some studies indicate that prolonged use increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Objective - Identify cases of type 2 diabetes resulting from the continuous use of beta-blocker drugs. Material and Methods - This is an integrative review carried out between May and August 2024 in three databases: Google Scholar, PubMed and ScienceDirect, using the Medical Subject (MESH): “Beta Blockers”, “Diabetes”, “Type 2 Diabetes”, “Insulin resistance”, “Adrenergic Beta Antagonists”, “Adverse Drug Event”, “Adverse Reactions”, “Glucose Metabolism Disorder”, associated with the booleans “AND” and “OR”: “Beta blockers” AND ‘Diabetes’ AND ‘Insulin resistance’ AND ‘Hyperglycemia’, ‘Adverse Drug Event’ OR ‘Adverse Reactions’ AND ‘beta adrenergic antagonist’, ‘Type 2 Diabetes’ AND ‘Glucose Metabolism Disorder’ AND ‘Adrenergic beta-Antagonists’. The articles were selected based on the acronym PCC which encompasses the Affected Population, the Concept and the Context and the inclusion criteria: research with patients on long-term beta-blocker use, without a family history of diabetes and a previous diagnosis of this pathology, open access articles, published between 2019 and 2014 and which addressed the development of type 2 diabetes from long-term beta-blocker use. Results - 250 articles were found in PubMed, 96 in Elsevier/ScienceDirect and 878 in Google Scholar, all of which were qualitative. Only 7 articles met the acronym and inclusion criteria. Final considerations - Although the use of beta-blockers has been associated with a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, more studies are still needed to prove the incidence of type 2 diabetes as an adverse effect of beta-blockers.