Avaliação de efetividade e segurança dos inibidores de TNF-alfa em pacientes com espondilite anquilosante no SUS

Abstract

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease classified as spondyloarthritis, which has been diagnosed with increasing frequency. One of the main forms of treatment is the use of drugs belonging to the class of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (anti-TNF). In order to describe the effectiveness and safety of anti-TNF in patients diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis, treated by the Specialized Component of Pharmaceutical Assistance in Natal, an observational and cross-sectional study was conducted, in which patients used the following anti-TNF drugs: adalimumab, certolizumab, etanercept and golimumab, all distributed by UNICAT-RN. Participants answered a questionnaire that addressed sociodemographic aspects, self-reported diagnoses, lifestyle habits, clinical and pharmacological characteristics. In addition, to assess disease activity and, consequently, the therapeutic effectiveness of the drugs, the BASDAI questionnaire was used. Regarding safety, the symptoms self-reported by patients since the beginning of treatment were considered. The study identified some adverse reactions, such as alopecia (15.1%), flu-like symptoms (10.2%), pruritus (8%) and headache (6.7%), most of which are poorly described in the literature, with the exception of the occurrence of infections during treatment (16.9%), which is an event widely documented in clinical studies with patients using anti-TNF. The findings highlight the importance of active and continuous pharmacovigilance, as well as the attentive action of health professionals in receiving patients' reports, in order to improve adherence to treatment, ensuring greater safety and effectiveness.