A profissionalização do magistério leigo potiguar: Projeto Logos II no RN (1976 - 1986)

Abstract

This present work corresponds to a chapter in the history of Brazilian education and aims to analyze the process of professionalization of public teaching in Rio Grande do Norte, based on the experience of implementing the Logos II Project (1976-1986) as a national public policy for teacher training in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. We established as a time frame the period between 1976, with the opening of the call for teachers, and 1986, with Resolution No. 02/86 of the State Council of Education, which suspended enrollment in the State of RN. This thesis was justified by the understanding of the Logos II Project, as a certification program, created by the national political regime in Brazil, known as the Military Dictatorship (1964-1985), which implemented the minimum training of teachers with 2nd Teaching qualification, in particular, teachers who attended and had their certification for the exercise of teaching. As a theoretical and methodological contribution, we consider the history of education as a field between history and education in Stephanou's conceptions; Bastos (2005), Saviani (2002), (2007), (2009), (2016); Galvão; Lopes (2010) and the foundations from the perspective of the new cultural history in Bloch (2001); Pesavento (2004) and Burke (2011), besides the discussions on memory present in Lombardi (2011); Halbwachs (2003) and Pollak (1989). We used the educational legislation Guidelines and Framework Law No. 4.024/61 and Law No. 5.692/71, in the process of teachers' formation, and Law No. 7.044/82, which repealed this item in the educational legislation; the sets of Sectoral Education Plans published in the 1970s, besides Opinions No. 853/71; 42/72; 346/72, which planned the curriculum, qualification, and professionalization of the High School Teaching course, as well as Opinion 699/72, which regulated Supplementary Education. The base of this work’s method was the analysis of statistical data on Potiguar education and oral history, with interviews with teachers who took the Logos II course, observing their impressions, sensations, and perceptions about the relevance of this project in their teaching activities, the sociopolitical, historical, and cultural context in eradicating lay teachers in this region. We used the concepts of Delgado (2020); Mehy and Holanda (2007) as the constitution of the oral source and the type of oral history in the formulation of Mehy and Ribeiro (2011) and the dialogic relations of oral history by Portelli (2016). As research sources, we used the Diário de Natal and O Poti newspapers available at the Hemeroteca Digital National Library, as well as the teaching materials and documentation related to the Logos II Project. To help the discussions about the feminization of the Magisterium, we used the studies of authors, Stamatto (2002); Louro (2012); Almeida (2007), and Rosenberg (2012). We concluded by understanding the process of feminization of the Magisterium, consolidated as a national and regional phenomenon in which Logos II was a course that attended mostly the female gender, in the mid-1970s and 1980s, which made it possible to train women, according to the educational legislation, providing the qualification of teachers, contributing to the decrease in the number of lay teachers in the State of RN.