Análise da Vulnerabilidade Ambiental do município de São Gonçalo do Amarante - RN

Abstract

Currently, as environmental issues linked to the quality of life of the population, being widely discussed, as well as there is no point in avoiding hypotheses of future environmental degradations and risks. Among the most common environmental problems are erosion processes that depend on local conditions, among them: the geological structure, the relief, the types of soils, the vegetation cover and the intensity and distribution of the distribution. Thus, the present work aims to analyze the natural and environmental vulnerability of the municipality of São Gonçalo do Amarante, using geoprocessing techniques and appropriate models adapted from the literature on the topic of free geotechnology that is easy to handle. To meet this objective, data were collected on a secondary basis through the websites of IBGE, INPE, USGS, ANA, São Gonçalo do Amarante City Hall, among others, in addition to the use of ARP in field work, which later allowed with the help of the Geographic Information System, build a mapping of the municipality's Environmental Vulnerability. This study will be carried out according to the Ecological-Economic Zoning methodology (CREPANI et al., 2001), based on the concept of Ecodynamics by TRICART (1977). This concept is the study of the dynamics of the environment of an ecosystem, and uses as a criterion to analyze the balance between the inducing factors of the morphogenetic and pedogenetic processes. With the product of maps of natural and environmental vulnerability associated with the municipality of São Gonçalo do Amarante, the highest degrees are associated with non-vegetated areas and areas with a high degree of anthropization. The methodology is adequate to assist urban planning and territorial ordering, due to its low cost, detail and efficiency in helping to prevent environmental damage decisions, highlighting the areas with the highest degree of Environmental Vulnerability on a municipal scale.