As emoções e a socialização na escola da infância: a escuta de crianças no NEI CAp-UFRN

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to analyze, among children from 4 to 11 years old, the relationship between emotional experiences and the experience of socialization in childhood school. From this major objective, other specific ones unfold: to observe and identify, in the school context, how children represent their emotions; to notice forms of dialogue between emotional and social aspects of children in their interactions with their peers; to describe the present elements observed in this dialogue and reflect on the social mediation of the teacher in this process. The epistemological base used is based on the new studies about children and childhood, in the view of the Sociology of Childhood from authors such as Abramovicz, Corsaro, Sarmento, Sirota, and Belloni, as well as in studies about emotions referenced in Damasio, Turner, and Darwin. The research is qualitative and ethnographic in nature, having as research locus the Núcleo de Educação da Infância, Colégio de Aplicação da UFRN. Data collection was carried out by means of field diary entries, photographs and drawings of the children's productions, audio recordings, and interviews with the children. The main results point to the organization of a typification based on the main objects of this study: socialization, emotions, and research with children. In the emotional formulations that emerge when the children are together at school, we could recognize how in social life they made use of a dynamic amalgam between their primary emotions, secondary emotions, and background emotions. In the experiences of playing together at school, the children used these moments as a powerful resource for social interaction and to deal with his emotions. In this context, the mediation of adult teachers was of fundamental importance in the emotional regulatory processes. We also observed the need for more efforts in research with children and not about children. It is hoped that this study will have critically expanded the understanding of the emotional life world of childhood at school, relating emotions and their interlocutions with children's school socialization, as well as promoting interdisciplinary pedagogical dialogue between psychology, sociology, and education. Because emotions are, at the same time, a language, and a dimension of education that we experience in the social flux of our existence, which logically begins in childhood, when the participation of the school environment in the emotional life of children is also crucial.