Associações conjuntas de atividade física e tempo sedentário medidos objetivamente com risco cardiometabólico em idosos residentes na comunidade: um estudo transversal

Abstract

Physical inactivity and excessive sedentary time are independent predictors of cardiometabolic risk. If combined, this risk can be potentiated. In the older adults population, the combination of low levels of physical activity (PA) and high sedentary time (ST) is common. However, few studies have proposed to investigate how the combination of different profiles of moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and ST are associated with cardiometabolic risk in older adults. Our study investigated the joint associations of MVPA and ST with cardiometabolic risk in community-dwelling older adults. This cross-sectional study included 248 older adults (65.8 ± 5.1 years; 73.7% women). We defined cardiometabolic risk using the continuos metabolic syndrome risk score (cMetS). MVPA and ST were assessed by accelerometry. The older adults were categorized according to their MVPA and ST levels as: i) 'Inactive + High ST' (<150 min/week of MVPA and >10.6 h/day of ST); ii) 'Inactive + Low ST' (<150 min/week of MVPA and ≤10.6 h/day of ST); iii) 'Active + High ST ' (≥150 min/week of MVPA and >10.6 h/day of ST) and iv) 'Active + Low ST ' (≥150 min/week of MVPA and ≤10.6 h /day of ST). The cut-off points for active and inactive were based on current PA guidelines and for defining low and high ST it was based on the median value of this cohort. Generalized linear models were used to determine the joint associations between the MVPA and ST categories with the cMetS ('Inactive + High ST' as the reference group) controlling for known cardiometabolic risk factors. We found that the 'Active + Low ST' (β = -0.34, 95% CI -0.57; -0.11) and 'Active + High ST' (β = -0.28, 95% CI - 0.55; -0.02) had lower cMetS compared to the 'Inactive + High ST' group (p<0.05), while no difference was found between the 'Inactive + Low ST' and 'Inactive + High ST' groups (β = - 0.19, 95% CI -0.41; 0.03). We conclude that meeting the MVPA recommendations (≥150 min/week) is associated with a lower cardiometabolic risk in older adults, even in those with high ST.