Associação isolada e combinada entre dinapenia e aptidão cardiorrespiratória reduzida com síndrome metabólica em idosos: um estudo transversal

Abstract

Reduced muscle strength (dynapenia) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with metabolic syndrome (MS) in older population. However, few studies have investigated whether the combined association of dynapenia and reduced CRF with MS is stronger when compared to dynapenia isolated and reduced CRF isolated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between dynapenia, reduced CRF and cardiodynapenia with MS in older adults. This is a cross-sectional study involving 184 older adults (65.6 ± 4.3 years; 130 women) without history of cardiovascular disease living in Natal-RN. Muscle strength was assessed by the 30-s chair stand test and CRF by the 6-min walk test. Dynapenia and reduced CRF were defined as performance in the 30-s chair stand test and the 6-min walk test below the percentile 25 for age and sex, respectively. Cardiodynapenia was defined as the combination of dynapenia and reduced CRF. MS was defined by the presence of at least three of the following NCEP-ATP III criteria: i) waist circumference > 102 cm for men and > 88 cm for women; ii) triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL; iii) HDL-cholesterol < 40 mg/dL for men and < 50 mg/dL for women; iv) systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg; v) fasting glucose ≥ 110 mg/dL. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to determine the prevalence ratio (PR) for MS in dynapenic, low CRF, and cardiodynapenic older adults. The prevalence of dynapenia was 17.9% (n = 33), reduced CRF was 22.8% (n = 42), and cardiodynapenia was 10.9% (n = 20). The prevalence of MS was 56.5% (n = 104). Dynapenia was associated with MS (PR 1.30, CI 95% 1.01-1.66; p = 0.038). Reduced CRF was not associated with MS (RP 1.22, CI 95% 0.95-1.59; p = 0.113). Cardiodynapenia showed a stronger association with MS (RP 1.43, IC 95% 1,08-1,88; p = 0,012) than dynapenia. All analyses were adjusted for sex and body mass index. The results demonstrate that cardiodynapenia has a stronger association with MS than dynapenia isolated and reduced CRF isolated in older population. Therefore, cardiodynapenic older adults seem to have an increased risk for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.