Sazonalidade como modulador da diversidade de decapoda de região tropical

Abstract

Crustacea Decapoda represent one of the most abundant and diverse groups in both consolidated and non-consolidated marine environments. Coastal regions constitute the largest portion of human population density and, through direct and indirect actions, may negatively impact diversity and population and assembly structuring. Thus, the study aimed at inventorying the diversity of Crustacea Decapoda, constituting the first official species list, with accompanying trawl fauna data, for the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The collections were in the unconsolidated coastal region in the municipality of Baía Formosa, monthly (March / 2013 to February / 2015), by means of an artisanal fishing boat with a single trawl port network, in 6 time-standardized geo-referenced trawls (20min ). A total of 23,218 animals were captured, including Palinura, Brachyura, Caridea, Dendrobranchiata and Anomura, totaling 57 species, among them: Acetes americanus, Alpheus intrinsecus, Nematopalaemon schmitti, Xiphopenaeus kroyeri, Litopenaeus schmitti, Callinectes ornatus and Petrochirus diogenes, as more abundant species. In addition to the new occurrence for the state (Lysmata cf. bahia), there is the occurrence of species with great economic appeal, like Xiphopenaeus kroyerii, which obtained the greatest abundance, showing the importance of the preservation of this area. For the other species, the result was already expected for this region, since the described animals are found in regions with similar geographic characteristics, constituents of the Northeastern Ecoregion of Brazil. There are also invasive species (Charybdis (charybdis) hellerii and Litopenaeus vannamei), which may cause future environmental imbalances since these species do not have natural predators in the region. Therefore, there is a need to study and preserve the area to environmental conservation.