Prevalência de disfunção temporomandibular em músicos: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) is a set of signs and symptoms related to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and/or masticatory muscles and associated structures. Its etiology is multifactorial and relates to parafunctional habits, trauma, and psychosocial factors. Musicians may be a risk group for the development/aggravation of TMD, considering the structure and functionality of the instrument, as well as the psychosocial factors involved in the practice. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the prevalence of temporomandibular dysfunction in musicians. To this end, articles were collected from the search in the following electronic bibliographic databases: LILACS, LIVIVO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Additional literature search included web search by Google Scholar, OpenGrey, Proquest as well as experts and manual searches of included study bibliographies. This review was registered in PROSPERO- International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews- under protocol number CRD42019133277 and followed the guidelines of the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols” (PRISMA-P). Bias risk analysis was performed by the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist (JBI). A total of 24 studies were included after the removal of the duplicates, nine met the inclusion criteria for qualitative analysis that affirms the relationship between TMD and instrumental practice. The results showed that 2 (22%) of the studies had a high risk of bias, while 3 (33%) moderate and 4 (44%) low risk of bias. In the study results, prevalence ranged from 29% to 89%. However, it is important to highlight that the overall quality of the evidence in the studies, the different methodologies used, the different diagnostic criteria, and inadequate sample sizes contribute to high levels of synthesis heterogeneity of results. It is concluded that the prevalence of TMD in musicians in this systematic review ranged from 29% to 89%.