Fatores preditores do diagnóstico de enfermagem: risco de função cardiovascular prejudicada

Abstract

Nursing care, in the context of primary health care, is essential in promoting health and preventing cardiovascular diseases. Nursing professionals can understand the patient's reality and teach important self-care measures to reduce the risk of cardiac events. This research aims to verify the cause and effect relationships between risk factors, populations at risk and associated conditions of the nursing diagnosis risk for impaired cardiovascular function in primary health care users. This is a case-control study, carried out with 88 primary health care users in the city of Natal. Data collection was carried out between May and June 2024, using an instrument containing sociodemographic and clinical information, as well as risk factors, populations at risk and associated conditions of the NANDA (2021-2023) International diagnosis Risk for Impaired Cardiovascular Function. To assess the associations between the variables, the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used. This study was approved by the research ethics committee, with opinion number 6,816,340. The risk factors that showed a statistical association with impaired cardiovascular function were: body mass index above normal parameters for age and sex (p=0.001; OR = 5.78), elderly (p<0.001; OR = 6.5), postmenopausal women (p<0.001; OR = 7.28), diabetes (p<0.001), dyslipidemia (p<0.001), hypertension (p<0.001) and insulin resistance (p<0.001; OR = 7.8), and high prevalence among cases and controls of the factor Excessive fat accumulation for age and sex (90.01%). These findings serve to alert health professionals about the importance of acting directly on these factors in order to prevent cardiovascular diseases and their associated complications.