Análise morfopedológica aplicada a compreensão dos processos erosivos hídricos em vertentes no município de Pilões/PB

Abstract

The analysis of the components of the physical environment provides an understanding of important conditions that interfere with greater or lesser susceptibility to soil erosion. The identification of the mechanisms that determine the erosion process is essential so that we can develop a plan for the control, prevention and contributing to sustainable land use. The city of Pilões/PB has occupied since its agricultural activities undertaken on slopes, characterized by non conservation practices that contribute substantially to the runoff causing soil erosion, especially in its rural areas, and also presents several points of landslides on the slopes, especially cutting on the slopes of highways. In this sense, this research aims to analyze the genesis and evolution of erosion on the slopes of the city of Pilões/ PB, based on the relationship between processes morphogenetic-pedogenetic and anthropogenic activities. For the construction of the research used the propositions (TRICART; KILLIAN, 1982, CASTRO, SALOMÃO, 2000) on the partitioning morfopedológycaL the city, but were made based on proposals topossequences (BOULET, 1993) in order to verify the characteristics soil in the areas studied. To identify key characteristics that influence soil erosion were analyzed for particle size, chemical and mineralogical properties of the samples. We identified four compartments morfopedológicos in the city, which is called MP-I, MP-II, MP-III and MP-IV, these compartments are products of the interrelation between the geological substratum, topography and soils, providing spatial-temporal units homogeneous and intrinsic physical environment. It was found that the erosion was concentrated in compartments MP-I and MP-II, because they have characteristics more favorable to erosion such as steep slopes, morphologies that favor the concentration of surface flow, soils with textural discontinuities, among others.