Perfil dos neonatos que fizeram uso de antimicrobianos em uma UTI neonatal no interior do Rio Grande do Norte

Abstract

Introduction: The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is a hospital unit designed for newborns (NBs) who require special care. Due to the high prevalence of neonatal infections, particularly sepsis, antimicrobials are frequently administered to newborns. However, there is a lack of regional studies investigating the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of newborns undergoing this treatment. Objective: To describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of neonates admitted to the NICU at the Ana Bezerra University Hospital who received antimicrobials due to infections. Methods: This is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study based on information collected through the analysis of electronic medical records. Results: The sample consisted of 43 neonates admitted to the NICU who used antimicrobials from January 1 to June 30, 2023. There was a predominance of male gender (76.7%), full-term gestational age (53.49%), and adequate weight (60.47%). Regarding the type of delivery, cesarean section was more frequent (51.16%). The main causes of admission were early respiratory distress and neonatal sepsis. Regarding the mothers, most received appropriate prenatal care, with an average of 7.57 consultations. Conclusion: The results obtained have important implications for clinical practice and public health, highlighting the need for interventions that reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality and promote more qualified care.