Vitamina D e seus impactos na evolução de pacientes com COVID-19

Abstract

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, declared by the WHO as a global pandemic, is highly contagious. Vitamin D, a hormone with anti-inflammatory properties, can influence the stages of COVID-19 disease by regulating the immune response and the renin-angiotensin system. The objective of this study is to evaluate whether vitamin D is capable of inducing a positive effect on improving clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. PRISMA was used as a protocol. The searches were carried out in three databases, SCIELO, PUBMED and VHL (Virtual Health Library). The quality assessment of the studies was carried out using the Cochrane Review Manager Software (RevMan) tool. In total, 828 articles were found in the databases, and, after screening, five studies were selected. ABROUGH et al. (2023) indicated that the conversion of viral RNA occurred more slowly in the intervention group compared to the control group. BISHOP et al. (2023) did not find significant differences in the time it took for symptoms to disappear. MARIANI et al. (2020) did not observe significant differences in organ failure, hospitalization and mortality. SÁNCHEZ-ZUNO et al. (2021) showed an association between vitamin D and COVID-19 symptoms, showing a greater risk for individuals with deficiency. MAGHBOOLI et al. (2021) vitamin D was associated with a lower hospitalization rate, as well as duration in the ICU, but without significant differences.