A noção de par'hemâs na filosofia de Epicuro: o que pode um homem

Abstract

The Epicurean παρ' ἡμᾶς(our power) signifies the human power to know, deliberate and act freely. The notion of παρ' ἡμᾶς separates fundamentally the Epicurean atomism from Pre-Socratic atomism and is a requisite for the Epicurean elaborations. This thesis is an interpretation of Epicurean philosophy, starting by an analysis of Epicurean texts and bibliographic research. The aim of this work is to show an interpretation of Epicureanism starting from the notion of παρ' ἡμᾶς as a basic component of Epicurus’ thoughts, presenting its meaning, aspects and function in Epicurus’ doctrinal set. This thesis is divided into three chapters and starts emphasizing the meaning, aspects and relevance of Epicurean παρ' ἡμᾶς. The second chapter considers the primordial function of παρ' ἡμᾶς in the reformulation of Pre-Socratic atomism and how this notion articulates the parts of Epicurean philosophy. Lastly, the notions of limit, unlimited, and variation, are highlighted for assimilation of the distinctions enunciated by Epicurus between chance, necessity, and παρ' ἡμᾶς. In conclusion, the Epicurean appreciation about the cognitive power, deliberative, and causal power, integrates the basis of Epicurean criticism of the first atomists, and are the starting point and articulating factor of the parts of doctrine.