Alterações lipídicas em adolescentes com sobrepeso e obesidade

Abstract

Introduction: Dyslipidemias are characterized by changes in lipoproteins such as LDL-c, triglycerides, HDL-c and non-HDL cholesterol, which can be used as a diagnostic screening for cardiovascular risk factors. Objective: To verify the frequency of changes in the lipid profile in overweight and obese adolescents. Methodology: Cross-sectional study involving adolescents between 10 and 19 years of age, both overweight and obese, attending the pediatric endocrinology outpatient clinic of the Onofre Lopes University Hospital (HUOL) in the city of Natal / RN. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of HUOL / UFRN and carried out from September 2016 to December 2018. Anthropometric data (weight and height for body mass index (BMI) and biochemical total, LDL-c, HDL-c and triglycerides). The distribution of the variables was evaluated by the Shapiro-Wilk test and the correlation of the variables tested using the Pearson correlation coefficient. To test the association between two variables Pearson's Chi-Square test was performed. Results: A total of 124 adolescents participated in the study, with a higher percentage (52.4%) (n = 65) in males. The mean values of lipid variables (total cholesterol - 170.71 mg / dL, HDL-c - 39.44 mg / dL, non-HDL cholesterol - 131.27 mg / dL and triglycerides - 124.44 mg / dL). The obese group presented a significant result for low HDL-c (p 0.004). There was a very strong positive correlation between total and non-HDL cholesterol (0.975), total cholesterol and LDL-c (0.905) and non-HDL cholesterol with LDL-c (0.904) (p <0.001). Conclusion: There was a high frequency of low HDL-c and non-HDL-c cholesterol was shown to be a good indicator of lipid alterations, considering the strong correlation with atherogenic variables (LDL-c and total cholesterol).