Avaliação dos efeitos bioquímicos e histopatológicos da suplementação de creatina: estudo pré-clínico com modelo de diabetes tipo I induzida por estreptozotocina

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease and a Researches are constantly conducted in an attempt to all worldwide public health problem . eviate the complications of DM and increase the quality of life of patients. Creatine is a nutritional supplement that has been studied for this purpose due to its antioxidant and hypoglycemic features. However, there are no studies reporting the effect of creatine supplementation on both metabolism and tissues in type I DM. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of creatine supplementation on symptoms, biochemical and histopathological parameters of the pancreas and kidneys in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). 32 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, containing 8 animals each (n=8): (C) normoglycemic animals without creatine supplementation, (CCr) normoglycemic animals with creatine supplementation, (D) diabetic animals induc ed with STZ without creatine supplementation, (DCr) diabetic animals induced with STZ and supplemented with creatine. Groups D and DCr received a single dose of STZ (40 mg/kg i.p.) for diabetes induction. The CCr and DCr groups received creatine supplement ation through isocaloric ration in two phases (saturation, five days before DMI induction, and maintenance, during the 35 days of the experiment, with 13% and 2% creatine, respectively). In order to assess the symptomatology of the pathological condition f or all experimental groups, daily water and feed consumption as well as weekly body weight were measured. After anesthesia and euthanasia of the animals, blood and organs were collected and stored for analysis of biochemical parameters [fasting glucose, cr eatinine, serum urea, aspartate transaminase (AST) and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT)] and histopathological parameters of pancreatic tissues and renal in the animals. In addition to hyperglycemia throughout the experiment, polydipsia, polyphagia and dec reased body weight were observed in STZ diabetic animals. Creatine supplementation was able to reduce DMIinduced animals’ glycemia (p<0,05), serum urea and ALT in the DCr group compared to the D group (p<0,01). Histopathologically the pancreatic tissue, w here it was observed that the animals in the DCr group did not differ statistically from the animals in the C and CCr groups (p>0,05). In this same group (DCr), the animals differed from the islet area compared to group renal tissue the animals in the DCr group incresed D (p<0,01). For in renal glomerulus count compared to the other experimental groups (p<0,05). As for the renal group were similar to the C and CCr groups, while th glomerular areas, the animals in the DCr e animals in the D group had smaller (p<0,05). Creatine supplementation in STZáreas induced diabetic rats, which induces the DMI experimental model, despite having attenuated the biochemical parameters of glycemia, urea and AST, as well as showing a maint enance and protection of pancreatic histomorphometry, was not able to cause beneficial effects to the DCr group regarding the tissue consequences of DM. On the contrary, CCr has histopathological characteristics referring to tissue damage from both pancrea titis and renal tubular necrosis. studies to better understand Therefore, we emphasize the importance of future the effects of creatine supplementation in the pancreatic and renal diabetic tissues and on Keywor ds: the biochemical parameters in the long term.