O fascismo no espaço escolar

Abstract

This dissertation addresses fascism and its contemporary manifestations, with an emphasis on teaching history in schools. Developed at the Professor José do Patrocínio Pereira Pinto Municipal School, in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, the research is aimed at 9th grade students. In a global context marked by the growth of extremist movements and discourses, the relevance of this dissertation becomes evident. The work seeks to contribute to the formation of critical and engaged citizens, capable of recognizing and confronting intolerance. To carry out the research, six 9th grade History textbooks were analyzed, all included in the Programa Nacional do Livro Didático and (National Textbook Program) and of the Material Didático (Teaching Material Program) (PNLD). The main objective of this research is to analyze the representation of fascism in these books in order to understand how the ideals of Nazifascism and integralism are approached and discussed. The focus is on assessing whether these themes are contextualized in a way that allows a clear connection with the current scenario, ensuring that students can recognize the contemporary manifestations of these ideologies. Furthermore, examine the absence of discussions about the African genocide during German and Italian imperialism, which was a kind of preamble to the Holocaust, an essay. Finally, develop a notebook of activities that encourages historical empathy among students, making them develop empathy for the victims of fascist regimes and cultivating a critical stance in relation to these ideologies. The product is an activity book aimed at teaching history, which addresses fascism and its consequences, promoting discussions about relevant historical events. This material, designed for primary school History teachers, seeks to connect the past with contemporary issues, stimulating an understanding of history and its implications.