Relação da mastigação com a desnutrição em idosos da comunidade: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Purpose: This systematic review was carried out to relate mastication with malnutrition in the elderly in the community. Research strategy: Conducted in EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Gray literature was also consulted through Google Scholar, OpenGrey and ProQuest. Selection criteria: The studies evaluated malnutrition and mastication in non-institutionalized elderly people over 60 years of age, of both genders. Data analysis: The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal tool. In addition, a random effects meta-analysis was performed to relate outcomes. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE tool. Results: 3 studies were included for quantitative and qualitative analysis. The values obtained in the meta-analysis for association present a 2.21 times greater chance between malnutrition and difficulty in chewing (OR = 2.21; 95%CI = 0.93 – 5.26; I2 = 94%) when compared with individuals without malnutrition (p <0.001). The risk of bias assessment presented a high risk, a moderate and a low risk study. The certainty of evidence was rated very low by the GRADE system. Conclusion: The values obtained in the meta-analysis showed that individuals at risk of malnutrition are 2.21 times more likely to have chewing difficulties.