Intervenções não farmacológicas para a redução do peso melhoram ou não a condição da barreira intestinal?

Abstract

Obesity is a chronic disease that triggers a series of metabolic consequences and becomes a risk factor for other comorbidities, while also negatively affecting various physiological mechanisms, including intestinal barrier function, permeability, and microbiota health. The objective of this study was to conduct an integrative review comprising the most recent studies on non-pharmacological interventions for weight reduction and their relationship with the intestinal barrier. This review was guided by the question: “Do non-pharmacological interventions for weight reduction improve intestinal barrier condition or not?” Searches were performed in the PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, Embase and ScienceDirect databases, starting in April 2021 and ending in February 2023, using the terms “weight reduction”, “weight loss”, “obesity” and “intestinal permeability” according to MeSH, with the Boolean operators “AND” and “OR”. The inclusion criteria consisted of clinical studies conducted in humans from 2015 to 2023, resulting in the selection of 4 articles. In obesity, the intestine undergoes changes in the function of the intestinal barrier and the interventions analyzed in the studies included calorie-restricted diets, bariatric surgery, symbiotic use and Yacon flour beverage. It was observed that the relationship between the improvement in intestinal barrier function and intervention used is significantly linked to the degree of weight loss achieved by the individual, and this change is also associated with greater diversity of the intestinal microbiota and decrease in inflammation markers that worsen the intestinal barrier.