Proposta de acompanhamento clínico para pré-natal odontológico na atenção básica do Sistema Único de Saúde

Abstract

The Ministry of Health proposes oral health care consultations during prenatal care, reflected in health promotion, prevention, and recovery actions, involving the mother-baby binomial. There is strong evidence in the literature that maternal oral health, the family environment, and its practices influence children's oral health. Moreover, the pregnancy period causes hormonal changes in women, which are related to changes in periodontal tissues that, when left untreated, can lead to inflammatory processes and complications during pregnancy and delivery. However, there is little adherence of pregnant women to dental prenatal care, and sociocultural and economic factors, as well as the insecurity of dental surgeons, are coefficients involved in this problem. Thus, this study aimed to develop a protocol for monitoring dental prenatal care, in order to help professionals in the conduct of consultations and promote the consolidation of assistance. To this end, the following steps were followed: survey of the theoretical reference and elaboration of the protocol as a result of this process. Studies available in SciELO, PubMED and Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) databases were selected, as well as documents produced by the Ministry of Health, following the inclusion criteria articles published in the last ten years, in English, Portuguese or Spanish, available in full and that addressed the dental care of pregnant women in the public health network, including studies that include outpatient care and/or health education actions; and the exclusion criteria: materials that did not include dental care for pregnant women and that did not provide information on outpatient conduct or health education actions for this public. In the initial search, 612 articles were found, 73 of which met the above criteria. The construction of the protocol was divided into two phases, phase 1 with the development of a flowchart of care and continuing health education, and phase 2 comprising consultations divided into quarters and their specific procedures. After the methodology used and through the results, it was concluded that there is no flowchart in the literature for comprehensive oral health care offered to pregnant women served by SUS basic care units, reflected in the difficulty in finding theoretical framework for the development of this instrument, which reinforces the need for further studies on the subject and that serve as theoretical and practical support for oral health teams in Primary Care of the Unified Health System.