Tempo de tratamento hemodialítico e perfil nutricional de pacientes com doença renal crônica

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the association between duration of hemodialysis and anthropometric and biochemical nutritional status of adult and elderly patients with chronic kidney disease. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, prospective study, with a quantitative approach and of a descriptive nature, carried out in a Nephrology Center in the city of Santa Cruz/RN. Results: The resulting sample had 71 participants. In the population evaluated, 57.7% (n = 41) were men and 38% were over 60 years of age (n = 28). The time of insertion in the hemodialysis program was from 1 to 5 years (42.3%; n = 30). The analysis of the body mass index identified 52.1% (n = 37) of the patients as being thin or overweight, however, when the arm circumference and the arm muscle circumference were evaluated, muscle depletion was observed in 66.6 % (n = 54) and 52.9% (n = 36) of the population, respectively. With the exception of pre-dialysis urea and Kt/v, all other biochemical/laboratory variables (post-dialysis urea, calcium, potassium, hemoglobin and hematocrit) showed inadequacies. An association was found between substitutive treatment time and post-dialysis urea (p < 0.005). Conclusion: In the investigated population, hemodialysis time was not associated with anthropometric status (p > 0.05), but it was associated with post-dialysis urea (p = 0.005). It is suggested that more studies be carried out, so that a long-term follow-up can be carried out, since a complete nutritional assessment, as well as nutritional assistance to patients, are of paramount importance during the entire hemodialysis treatment.