Mapeamento virtual de fraturas em alta resolução para análise estrutural quantitativa em análogo de reservatório carbonático

Abstract

Carbonate reservoirs can be quite heterogeneous, especially in the presence of fractures and dissolution processes, components capable of significantly altering the porosity and permeability of carbonate rocks. In this sense, the characterization of fractures is essential to understanding the origin and development of these reservoirs. The objective of this research was to characterize the attributes of fractures present in three outcrops of carbonate rocks of the Jandaíra Formation (Arapuá I, II, and III) in Felipe Guerra/RN. It started with virtual quantitative structural analysis, which enabled the description and quantification of the structural elements present. The virtual interpretation of Aerial images obtained with an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), scan lines, and scan areas was used for a high-resolution investigation, covering viewing scales not understood by traditional methods. From the structural data, it was possible to obtain the values of P10 (frequency), P20 (intensity), and P21 (density), as well as perform statistical and topological analyses. The results allowed us to observe a variation in the parameters above, mainly in P10, P20, and P21, about the proximity to the axis of the Apodi fold. It is possible to verify an increase in the degree of deformation and connectivity between the structural elements with the proximity of the hinge zone, arranged parallel to a corridor of NE-SW fractures, with clusters of fractures associated with the N-S and NW-SE sets occurring. The identified attributes related to previous studies in the region suggest that the structural elements present in the area exert significant control over the distribution of petrophysical properties in the mapped rocks. This research reinforces the relevance of studying analogous outcrops of carbonate reservoirs for identifying and understanding the development of subseismic features and how such elements can affect the quality of this type of reservoir.