Estresse oxidativo, atividade da Indoleamina 2,3-Dioxigenase e parâmetros bioquímicos relacionados ao consumo e retirada de sacarose na dieta de ratos jovens

Abstract

Sucrose is the most commonly used sugar in diets. Excessive sugar consumption is associated with liver disorders and metabolic syndrome due to sucrose metabolism. Furthermore, sucrose withdrawal has been associated with the development of mental disorders such as anxiety disorder and depressive disorder. Alterations in oxidative stress and expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)are reported in metabolic syndrome and in anxiety and depression disorders. Thus, this work aims to investigate changes in oxidative stress, IDO activity and biochemical parameters related to metabolic syndrome and anxiety and depression disorders in Wistar rats submitted to sucrose exposure and withdrawal. The free choice paradigm was adopted, where the animals had access to two bottles, one of water and the other available according to the group, control (water), shortterm withdrawal (unlimited 5% sucrose for 16 days and withdrawal for 3-4 days), longterm withdrawal (unlimited 5% sucrose for 16 days and withdrawal for 23-24 days), and continuous sucrose (unlimited 5% sucrose for 19-20 days).Serum biochemical parameters, IDO enzyme activity and levels of oxidative stress from protein carbonyl and lipid peroxidation in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and striatum were analyzed. The results showed that the consumption of 5% sucrose did not significantly alter serum biochemical parameters. In addition, no significant differences were found in the parameters of oxidative stress or IDO enzyme activity in the animals that consumed sucrose compared to the control group, although there was a tendency to increase oxidative stress in the groups that underwent short and long-term withdrawal. In this study, it was also possible to observe sucrose consumption and age preference, showing adolescence as the period of greatest consumption. These results suggest that consumption or withdrawal of sucrose at a concentration of 5% during the period of development (childhood and adolescence) does not alter biochemical parameters related to metabolic syndrome or mood disorders in adulthood.