Avaliação da influência de fatores nutricionais na frequência de biomarcadores de dano no DNA em gestantes e seus recém-nascidos

Abstract

Inadequate nutritional status in pregnancy may pose risks to maternal and child health. Energy consumption and insufficient nutrients can affect MS and trigger responses that influence levels of DNA damage. The study evaluated the anthropometric, energy consumption and macronutrient abnormalities and their influence on the biomarkers frequency of DNA damage in pregnant women and their newborns (RN). We used a questionnaire to collect anthropometric data from energy consumption and performed a cytometic approach of the micronucleus test in oral mucosal cells (BMCyt) to evaluate biomarkers frequency. 25% of the interviewees were obese and 10.6% underweight. 68.9% of pregnant women presented energy consumption <90% of their energy needs (NE). 76.5% consumed hyperprotein diet. Pregnant women with low weight and obese presented a higher frequency of Micronucleus (MN) compared to pregnant women of adequate weight. Pregnant women with Energy consumption < 90% and > 110% of their NE had a higher frequency of MN compared to those with adequate consumption. Pregnant women with hyperprotein diet (15 to 20% of the total caloric value of the diet) had a higher frequency of MN compared to those with a normoprotein diet. The results of the genetic analysis for the newborns are still inconclusive, but suggest that there is a relation. Although this study points out a relationship between nutritional deficiencies and the frequency of MN in pregnant women, more studies are needed to better understand how nutritional factors can interact and interfere with the frequency of DNA damage in pregnant women and their newborns.