Efeito de um programa de fortalecimento dos músculos abdominais em puérperas

Abstract

Pregnancy is the period in which women have intense changes in their body that impact the posture and functionality. There is a hypotonia of the anterior muscles of the abdomen to accommodate the expansion of the uterus, causing lateralization of muscle belly, which is called the rectus abdominal muscle diastase (DMRA). The objective of the study was to determine if a physiotherapy intervention programme is able to improve the muscularskeletal function of the mothers. The survey was conducted with women in the late puerperal period after vaginal delivery in selected wards of the Hospital University Ana Bezerra (HUAB), being they primiparous and or multiparous. For the data collection we used a questionnaire sociodemographic and clinical with evaluation of DMRA, abdominal perimeter, evaluation of physical endurance and strength of the abdominal muscles. Two interventions were performed per week for four weeks, with exercises to stimulate the abdominal muscles among them bridge the exercises, anterior flexible of the trunk in dorsal position, ventral board and hipopressiva gymnastics. The women had a mean average age of 29.8 ± 5.3 years with postpartum time of 34.8 ± 5.7 days and the average weight gain during pregnancy: 12 ± 5.8 kg. After the studies were observed significant results in reducing DMRA and abdominal perimeter, as well as increased resistance and muscle strength. We conclude a therapeutic intervention programme, with use of cinesiotherapy, positively contributed to the recovery of mothers, helping to reduce diastase, gain strength and resistance, and help in reducing abdominal perimeter.