O processo de trabalho do cirurgião-dentista na estratégia de saúde da família do município de São José de Mipibu-RN: desafios para um cuidado integral

Abstract

Collective Oral Health has brought a new perspective to dental practices in the public service. However, it has not been easy to break with the hegemonic project in the field of dentistry, which sends practices based on the flexnerian paradigm, with conceptions focused exclusively on the biological dimension of the individual and oriented to the disease and its cure. To qualify actions that stimulate changes in this scenario means to assume new strategies that favor the redirection of the oral health care model in Primary Care, so that the user becomes the center of health actions. To this end, there must be a strong integration and interaction between the different professionals, as well as the bringing together of different skills and knowledge, which primarily involves teamwork. The development of this competence focuses on Continuing Education in Health, understood as fundamental in the formation process of the workers of the Unified Health System. The objective of the study was to analyze the work process of the dentist surgeon (DC) in the Family Health Strategy in the municipality of São José de Mipibu - Rio Grande do Norte. This is a social research of qualitative approach, of exploratory and descriptive nature developed in the basic care of the municipality comprising the professional dentists of the Family Health Strategy. Data were collected through individual interviews using a semi-structured script and the data from the interviews were organized, explored and analyzed based on the thematic content analysis method presented by Bardin and coded and systematized using the ATLAS.ti cloud version software. The following thematic categories were listed: Category 1: The dental surgeon's work process: activities developed, planning and work organization; Category 2: Teamwork and comprehensive care: approximations and distancements with the guidelines of the National Primary Care Policy (PNAB); Category 3: Advances and limits for the construction of teamwork and comprehensive care. The results point to a DC isolated and centered in clinical and educational procedures primarily in the office, with collective activities and in the territory secondarily, as well as weaknesses in planning and organizing the work, with actions that distance themselves from the needs of the assisted population. The professionals' speech signaled a lack of knowledge and distancing from the PNAB guidelines, which pointed to the incipient characteristics of teamwork and comprehensive care. The lack of supplies and equipment, the lack of communication between teams and professionals from other levels of complexity were highlighted as the main challenges for an integral care. The advances indicated are related to the expansion of access and services in the oral health network. There was recognition of the need for a permanent education strategy aimed at professionals in which managers are also included. As a result of the research, a continuing education proposal was developed, involving the construction of a Virtual Learning Object to strengthen the work of the oral health team, based on the needs identified in the study.