Análise e simulação do processo de produção de amônia verde

Abstract

The increasing need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has driven the search for sustainable alternatives in the chemical industry. In this context, green ammonia emerges as a promising solution, as its production uses hydrogen obtained through water electrolysis powered by renewable energy sources, eliminating the use of fossil fuels. This study aimed to assess the technical feasibility of green ammonia production through process simulation using the Aspen HYSYS® software. To achieve this, different operational scenarios were analyzed, considering variations in reagent flow rates and the presence or absence of the system purge stage. The results demonstrated that green ammonia production is technically viable, with energy efficiency proportional to the production scale. Additionally, it was observed that removing the purge stage does not compromise reagent conversion, which may help reduce system losses. The economic analysis indicated that, although the production cost is still higher than that of conventional ammonia, technological advancements and the growing demand for sustainable solutions tend to make this alternative more competitive. It is concluded, therefore, that green ammonia has potential to replace conventional ammonia and contribute to the decarbonization of the chemical industry. However, overcoming challenges related to infrastructure and regulation will be essential for its widespread adoption.