Ensaios sobre as parcerias público-privadas: evidências dos efeitos socioeconômicos para o Brasil e revisão da literatura sobre renegociação

Abstract

This thesis explores the effects of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) on socioeconomic indicators and reviews the literature on renegotiations. The text consists of three essays. The first uses quasirandom variation in Federal Highway Concessions Program implementations to study the impact of improved access on regional economic development. The research uses data from municipalities between 2007 and 2017 and employs the differences-in-differences methodology with staggered adoption. The results suggest that the Program contributed to the quality of the highways and the growth of the GDP of the municipalities. The locations that spent more time in the concessions had a positive return on GDP, but the effect of the Program's participation on GDP was negative for the groups treated later. In addition, the treated municipalities had increases in the collection of municipal taxes and reductions in the number of deaths from traffic accidents. The second essay contributed to understanding the possible interactions and impacts that partnerships with the private sector in the segment of basic sanitation can generate for the localities from the proposition of a logical model based on the theory of the stakeholders. In addition, it offered an empirical framework, using panel data at the municipal level between the period 2006-2019. The effect of the partnerships was measured based on changes in the locations' performance, investment, and health indicators. The findings indicated that there was an improvement, on average, in the provider's investment as well as in performance indicators in the aggregated data. Furthermore, it was proven that there is heterogeneity in the impacts of the region and population size. When analyzing only the two poorest regions of the country, a decrease in infant mortality per thousand inhabitants was observed in the treated municipalities. It was also found that locations with some private management and which had regulatory structure exhibited, on average, increases in the length of the water network and the number of active water connections. This shows that the regulator is a relevant player in the theory of stakeholders in the sanitation sector. The third essay addresses a recurrent theme in the PPP literature, renegotiation. There is an increase in studies focused on this specific topic, but little attention has been given to the need to carefully review and analyze what has already been presented in the literature. To fill this gap, essay 3 aims to synthesize aspects of renegotiation based on a systematic review. Specifically, the work identifies and evaluates the methodologies used in renegotiation studies. In addition, it describes the factors and the motivators of renegotiation and analyzes their relationships with the consequences of renegotiation. For this, the meta-synthesis method is used.