Cultura de vigilância: uma revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

The presence of multiresistant bacteria in the skin and mucous membranes of intern patients is a concern to increase the chances of developing a serious infection. Surveillance cultures are essential in the early identification of these pathogens, and thus minimize their spread in the hospital environment. This work aimed to make a bibliographical review through scientific databases on culture of surveillance and microorganisms with greater clinical relevance found in ICUs, and to expose data that were collected from surveillance cultures made in patients admitted to the ICU of Hospital Giselda Trigueiro in the period from August to October 2018. Phenotypic identification, antibiotic susceptibility and phenotypic tests for the indication of beta-lactamase production were used. The predominant bacteria among others were Klebsiella pneumoniae with 58.3% (14/24) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with 16.6% (4/24). 95,8% (23/24) of the isolated bacteria expressed some multiresistance profile, 65.2% (15/23) of the bacteria were ESBL producers, 26.08% (6/23) were MBL producers and 8,69 (2/23) were identified as Oxacillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. These high indexes reflect the current epidemiological trend of the development and prevalence of multiresistant bacteria, making it imperative to implement measures of surveillance, isolation and rationalization of the use of antibiotics, so that the dissemination of these pathogens is minimized.