Aplicação da técnica de extração líquido-líquido na remoção do óleo da água produzida

Abstract

The produced water due to dense chemical composition must be treated before being discarded at sea or reused. The resolution CONAMA 393/207 regulates the disposal of production water in marine environment, the resolution determines that the content of oil and fats in discarded water must produced and comply with the simple monthly arithmetic concentration of oils and greases of up to 29 mg / L, with a maximum daily value of 42 mg / L. Another CONAMA resolution that regulates the release of effluents into receiving bodies is 430/2011, inside this document are the conditions and standards of the effluents so that they can be discarded without causing whit the change in the receiving environment. The liquid-liquid extraction is a technique used to remove oil present in the water produced and also others contaminants, its efficiency depends on the chosen solvent, the most suitable to the process is the one that has more affinity with the component to be removed and that is preferably environmentally correct. The present work tested the efficiency of two natural solvents, as well as their mixtures: Ethanol and coconut oil. For the development, bench tests were performed for liquid-liquid extraction, namely extraction with pure ethanol, ethanol / coconut oil in 10% v / v and pure coconut oil in the following organic-aqueous proportions: 1:2 e 1:3 The chemical assays occurred in duplicate. From the results obtained, the percentages of removal were 37.44% for ethane and AP 1: 2, 62.62% for ethanol / coconut oil and AP 1: 2, 15.60% ethanol and AP 1: 3 , 46.73% ethane / coconut oil and AP 1: 3 and 56.75% coconut oil and AP, was verified that although the ethanol is biodegradable and from a renewable source, it is hydrophilic, so that it made possible the solubilization of the oil in the water, stabilizing the emulsions. On the other hand, coconut oil proved to be an option as an extractor. The results of the ethanol extraction were compared with extractions using only turpentine and coconut oil as the extractant, and the extractions were found to be more efficient with these solvents than with ethanol alone. Although ethanol has low yield, the addition of coconut oil in this diluent has increased the extraction efficiency with values similar to extraction using only coconut oil. was still evaluated turbidity, conductivity and pH, which resulted in increased turbidity due to ethanol solubilizing oil in water, and reduced conductivity and pH.