Gestão de custos e aplicação do modelo CAPM como base para gestão estratégica de uma empresa do setor de pesca do Rio Grande do Norte

Abstract

Considering the increasing costs in the longline fishing sector, there is a need to evaluate the profitability of operations. This study addresses cost management as a way to support strategic decision-making, such as defining profitability goals, profit targets, and sales targets. The study aims to address the following problem: how can cost management aligned with profitability goals be thebasis for implementing strategic management? And how can it be applied to a company in the fishing industry in Rio Grande do Norte? To achieve this, it was necessary to analyze the company's costs, define a return on investment rate, and establish revenue targets for the company based on these parameters, distributing them to revenue-generating centers. An applied, exploratory, descriptive research was conducted using both qualitative and quantitative approaches, employing action research methods and a case study. Based on the collected data, it was possible to develop a controlling model considering the main costs involved in the operation. Using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), a return on equity rate was determined, representing a minimum value to make the operation viable, and global net revenue targets as well as revenue targets for revenue-generating centers were established. The work also presents the modeling of a projected managerial Income Statement, indicating the most relevant cost controls that need to be adjusted to achieve the established goals. In terms of results, it was found that the high costs currently affecting the operation make it impossible to achieve the goals. However, through the respective analyses, various improvement alternatives were identified, including diesel oil, bait, fishing equipment, and mechanical maintenance, which suggest a more rational use of resources that will enable revenue goals to be reached. In this sense, it was found that the objectives of the study were achieved, and a solution to the posed problem was found. As a contribution, the design of a tool deserves attention, which, when fed with the necessary data, initiates the implementation of controlling functions, enabling strategic cost management. It is worth noting, however, that future work may arise to complement what has been presented in this study, addressing the implementation of business intelligence tools that assist in visualizing the company's economic and financial performance, for example. Finally, it is worth emphasizing the importance of economic engineering and its applicability in practical situations to assist in corporate decision-making.