Tratamento e reaproveitamento de efluentes de uma indústria têxtil: estudo de caso em uma indústria localizada no município de São Gonçalo do Amarante/RN

Abstract

The textile industry plays an essential role in the economy. However, the waste generated during its production processes can cause significant environmental impacts, and in order to prevent this from happening, it requires proper management. In view of this, the main objective of this study was to carry out a case study of the processes used in a textile industry located in the municipality of São Gonçalo do Amarante, RN, with the aim of proposing improvements in the treatment of its effluent, as well as exploring strategies for reusing this wastewater. To achieve this, data was collected from internal documents, laboratory analysis, on-site observations, a literature survey and an evaluation of treatment methods. The study found that the parameters of color, oil and grease and BOD were not in line with those required by CAERN and CONAMA Resolution 430/2011. Therefore, it was proposed to implement significant improvements in the treatment, especially the activated sludge method. After the coagulation/flocculation stage, the BOD/COD ratio exceeded the minimum limit of 0.4, making the implementation of the activated sludge process feasible and validating this approach. These improvements not only seek to comply with environmental regulations, but also have the potential to significantly reduce the company's operating costs, estimated at R$7,140.96 per day. In addition, they strengthen the company's commitment to environmental sustainability, predicting a reduction of more than 300% in the color value and a 100% reduction in BOD.