Produção de enzimas celulolíticas e etanol celulósico a partir do resíduo de acerola

Abstract

In technological process, biomass residue is envolved with the green technology and it has contributed with the bioethanol produce. The ethanol is produced from the alcoholic fermentation using the microorganism in the process, the glucose is the food to microorganism, and than, the microorganism grows and develops. Its possible get glucose from the cellulose polymer cleavege through cellulase. The cellulase is present in the various vegetables and fruits, including the acerola. The agroindustry residues are formed by, mostly, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The acerola is formed the same way, it has cellulose as a constituent. Therefore is a good raw material to use for the food to microorganism that produce the cellulase. The seach starts with the physical-chemical caracterization, and after, the cellulase production by solid state fermentation using the biomass residue, the acerola, and the microorganism Trichoderma reesei. The process was measured all the time watching the pH, the reducing sugars concentration and the enzymes FPase concentration, CMCase concentration and xylanase concentration. The preatreatment is realized to facilitate the cellulose access to the enzymes produced by microorganism (T. reesei) to access the cellulose. After the pretreatment with hydrogen peroxide and alkaline hydrogen peroxide, was realized the residue hydrolysis. The enzymatic extract was synthesized in solid state fermentation is use in the hydrolysis stage to increase ethanol yield in the last process stage, thae alcoholic fermentation. The enzymes activity values was until 1,08 FPU/g. All stages this seach to show that the acerola residue is a viable substrate to get the fermentable sugars and the conversion to ethanol. The physical-chemical caracterization results like total reducing sugars, protein, cellulose and hemicellulose, the enzymatic activities like CMCase and Xylanase , the hydrolysis stage and alcoholic fermentation stage was not possible realized because the experiments were stopped and the laboratory (LEB) and the university (UFRN) werer stopped to working due to pandemic caused by virus SARS-CoV2, in other words, by COVID-19 desease.