Live endothelial cells on plasma-nitrided and oxidized titanium: an approach for evaluating biocompatibility

Braz, Janine Karla França da Silva; Martins, Gabriel Moura; Morales, Nicole; Naulin, Pamela; Fuentes, Christian; Barrera, Nelson P.; Vitoriano, Jussier de Oliveira; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira; Oliveira, Moacir F.; Alves Júnior, Clodomiro; Moura, Carlos Eduardo B.

Live endothelial cells on plasma-nitrided and oxidized titanium: an approach for evaluating biocompatibility

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dc.contributor.author	Braz, Janine Karla França da Silva
dc.contributor.author	Martins, Gabriel Moura
dc.contributor.author	Morales, Nicole
dc.contributor.author	Naulin, Pamela
dc.contributor.author	Fuentes, Christian
dc.contributor.author	Barrera, Nelson P.
dc.contributor.author	Vitoriano, Jussier de Oliveira
dc.contributor.author	Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira
dc.contributor.author	Oliveira, Moacir F.
dc.contributor.author	Alves Júnior, Clodomiro
dc.contributor.author	Moura, Carlos Eduardo B.
dc.date.accessioned	2020-12-28T16:16:49Z
dc.date.available	2020-12-28T16:16:49Z
dc.date.issued	2020-04-23
dc.description.resumo	We evaluated the effects of titanium plasma nitriding and oxidation on live endothelial cell viscoelasticity. For this, mechanically polished titanium surfaces and two surfaces treated by planar cathode discharge in nitriding (36N2 and 24H2) and oxidant (36O2 and 24H2). Surfaces were characterized regarding wettability, roughness and chemical composition. Rabbit aortic endothelial cells (RAECs) were cultured on the titanium surfaces. Cell morphology, viability and viscoelasticity were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction confirmed the presence of TiN0,26 on the surface (grazing angle theta 1°) of the nitrided samples, decreasing with depth. On the oxidized surface had the formation of TiO3 on the material surface (Theta 1°) and in the deeper layers was noted, with a marked presence of Ti (Theta 3°). Both plasma treatments increased surface roughness and they are hydrophilic (angle < 90°). However, oxidation led to a more hydrophilic titanium surface (66.59° ± 3.65 vs. 76.88° ± 2.68; p = 0.001) due to titanium oxide films in their stoichiometric varieties (Ti3O, TiO2, Ti6O), especially Ti3O. Despite focal adhesion on the surfaces, viability was different after 24 h, as cell viability on the oxidized surface was higher than on the nitrided surface (9.1 × 103 vs. 4.5 × 103cells; p < 0.05). This can be explained by analyzing the viscoelastic property of the cellular cytoskeleton (nuclear and peripheral) by AFM. Surface oxidation significantly increased RAECs viscoelasticity at cell periphery, in comparison to the nucleus (2.36 ± 0.3 vs. 1.5 ± 0.4; p < 0.05), and to the RAECs periphery in contact with nitrided surfaces (1.36 ± 0.7; p < 0.05) and polished surfaces (1.55 ± 0.6; p < 0.05). Taken together, our results have shown that titanium plasma treatment directly increased cell viscoelasticity via surface oxidation, and this mechanobiological property subsequently increased biocompatibility.	pt_BR
dc.identifier.citation	BRAZ, Janine Karla França da Silva; MARTINS, Gabriel Moura; MORALES, Nicole; NAULIN, Pamela; FUENTES, Christian; BARRERA, Nelson P.; VITORIANO, Jussier O.; ROCHA, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira; OLIVEIRA, Moacir F.; ALVES JÚNIOR, Clodomiro. Live endothelial cells on plasma-nitrided and oxidized titanium: an approach for evaluating biocompatibility. Materials Science And Engineering: C, [s. l.], v. 113, ago. 2020. Elsevier BV. 111014. Disponível em: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0928493119345862?via%3Dihub#!. Acesso em: 03 set. 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2020.	pt_BR
dc.identifier.issn	0928-4931 (print)
dc.identifier.uri	https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/31129
dc.language	en	pt_BR
dc.publisher	Elsevier	pt_BR
dc.rights	Attribution 3.0 Brazil	*
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/br/	*
dc.subject	Implants	pt_BR
dc.subject	Nitriding	pt_BR
dc.subject	Oxidation	pt_BR
dc.subject	Biocompatibility	pt_BR
dc.subject	Viscoelastic properties	pt_BR
dc.title	Live endothelial cells on plasma-nitrided and oxidized titanium: an approach for evaluating biocompatibility	pt_BR
dc.type	article	pt_BR