Direito dos povos indígenas: um estudo a partir da implementação da Política Nacional de Atenção à Saúde dos Povos Indígenas (PNASPI) no Rio Grande do Norte e na Paraíba

Abstract

This study aims to provide an analisys of the right to health for Indigenous peoples, with an emphasis on the implementation of the National Policy for Indigenous Peoples’ Health Care (PNASPI) in the states of Rio Grande do Norte and Paraíba. The study examines the profound transformations brought about by PNASPI, highlighting the recognition and realization of Indigenous rights, especially regarding access to healthcare. The analysis focused on Indigenous communities' access to this policy, identifying challenges, gaps, and advancements in securing the fundamental right to health. The methodology involved a bibliographic review and the systematization of collected data, taking into account the broad scope of the topic and the geographic focus. The results reveal that Indigenous health in these two states is impacted by various factors, such as demographic and epidemiological invisibility, stigmatization, racism, language barriers, lack of health agents, geographic transportation limitations, and a shortage of basic healthcare facilities. Additional issues were identified regarding the integration of traditional medicine, geographic and socioeconomic barriers, and accessibility challenges. The conclusion is that, despite the progress made through PNASPI, significant challenges remain for fully guaranteeing the right to health for Indigenous peoples in the regions studied.