Síntese de argila organofílica para sorção de carbamazepina visando a remediação de águas contaminadas por fármacos

Abstract

The removal of emerging contaminants from wastewater, surface water or groundwater has been a matter of interest to the scientific community. Among them, carbamazepine (CBZ) has been frequently found in waters around the world. Bentonite clays modified with cationic surfactants, HDTMA and ODTMA, were synthesized through the ion exchange process and identified by CHN elemental analysis, XRD, SEM and BET. For the analysis of the effects from the use of surfactants of different carbon chain lengths and the factors that may influence the sorption capacity of CBZ, the influence of pH, sorbent dosage, contact time and initial concentration of the drug solution was analyzed. In addition, an analysis of the toxicity of the material was also carried out. The characterization of the synthesized organophilic clays showed the effective formation of the desired solids. As for the extraction of CBZ, they presented approximately 70% of drug removal, much higher than natural clay, which removed around 4%. In sorption kinetics, the experimental curves fit well to the pseudo-second order model and the isotherms fit better to the linear model. The materials under study did not show toxicity in the analyzed concentrations for the organisms tested. The organophilic clays presented promising results, demonstrating their scientific and technological potential in the treatment of water contaminated by drugs.