Análise econômica de um módulo produtivo intensivo em cultivo trifásico de tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus) com tecnologia de bioflocos integrado com biodigestor

Abstract

Aquaculture presents itself as an extremely important economic activity in the agribusiness segment, with fish farming being the most significant of this branch and tilapia one of the main species of fish most cultivated worldwide. Recirculating aquaculture systems are a sustainable alternative for the cultivation of aquatic organisms and the use of biofloc technology allows high stocking densities in ponds, which can be linked to the use of three-phase systems that provide a more efficient production line and optimization of the productive area of the nurseries. An anaerobic digester consists of a closed system without interaction with atmospheric air, through which it is possible to reuse the cultivation water and obtain by-products such as biogas and biofertilizer. In order to invest in the aquaculture sector, it is necessary to pay attention mainly to production costs, which range from environmental licensing, construction of tanks and acquisition of all machinery and inputs for the cultivation cycle. In this way, the present work aimed to analyze the economic viability of an intensive productive module in three-phase tilapia culture with biofloc technology integrated with a biodigester, which was based on a pilot project located in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. For this, the initial investment for the implementation of a basic module of cultivation was estimated, together with the fixed and variable costs for the operation of its cultivation cycles. A cash flow was prepared to assist in the calculation of the net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) and payback. The profitability and cost of producing 1 kg of tilapia in this system were also analyzed. The initial investment to implement a basic cultivation module was R$565,170.00, its NPV was R$1,866,861.09, IRR of 94.50%, simple and discounted payback, respectively, 1.02 and 1.07 years. The cost to produce 1 kilo of tilapia in this type of system was R$3.86, and the profitability was 48.59%. The analyzes carried out showed that the investment for the construction of all the structures of a basic module of cultivation and its costs for operation are economically viable.