Cenário epidemiológico da esquistossomose mansônica no munícipio de Natal-RN no periodo de 2015 a 2022

Abstract

The Mansonic Schistosomiasis is an infectious-parasitic disease caused by a trematode, from the Schistosoma mansoni species, which lives in bloodstream of its definitive hosts. This disease is endemic in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. The study aimed to analyse the epidemiological scenario considering the Frequency and the parasitic load from S. mansoni infections as well the malacological importance in the 93 water bodies, both in the municipality of Natal, the state capital. The coproscopic and malacological data analysed in this study were provided by Schistosomiasis Control Program (Programa de Controle da Esquistossomose, PCE) of the aforementioned municipality and covers the period from 2015 to 2022. Data relating to rainfall indices were obtained from the EMPARN/UFRN-INMET(Natal) Meteorological Station. Data analysis was carried out descriptively, with a quantitative approach. With the survey of positive cases for the Schistosomiasis infection caused by S. mansoni, it was observed that the highest frequency occurred in 2015, however the parasite load decreased in the period from 2015 to 2019, maintaining only the parasite load of four eggs per gram of feces, using the Kato-Katz method. The evaluated malacological data made it possible to map and highlight the potential epidemiological importance of water bodies, taking as a parameter the geographic distribution of Biomphalaria in the municipality in focus. It was found that the largest number of these snails in water bodies occurs after the end of the rainy season.