Fatores associados à indicação para o estudo anatomopatológico da placenta: um estudo observacional de gestantes na Maternidade Januário Cicco, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

Abstract

Objective: To describe the indications for the anatomopathological study of the placentas of pregnant women attended at a teaching hospital, placental morphological aspects and possible correlations. Methods: Epidemiological study based on secondary data from medical records and anatomopathological reports of the placentas of pregnant women attended between 2018 and 2022. Results: The studied population predominantly included young adult women of childbearing age and with a partner. The main indicators for the examination of the placenta were related to maternal comorbidities, with Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension being prevalent. The analysis of gestational age revealed a prevalence of prematurity and the evaluation of anatomopathological reports revealed a prevalence of deciduitis, accelerated villous maturation and infarcts. Conclusion: Indications related to placental alterations were the least reported, highlighting the importance of a protocol to guide the examination of the placenta, allowing the identification of relevant pathological aspects for the management of patients, contributing to a better follow-up in future pregnancies.