A solidão em O muro de pedras, de Elisa Lispector: travessia

Abstract

This study aims to analyze O Muro de pedras, by the writer Elisa Lispector, published in 1963. It is a novel whose narrative is centered on the character Marta and her search for a meaning for existence, as a way to escape the loneliness. This story, constructed through the use of inner monologue, explores various themes including loneliness, anguish, helplessness, freedom and exile. As a main objective, we seek to analyze the condition of being alone in the formation of the character Marta, in an attempt to understand how and why this feeling appears in the different moments that build the protagonist's journey. For that, we propose as a methodology a bibliographical research with critical-interpretative analysis of The Wall of Stones. As theoretical reference, we draw upon the studies of Rosenfeld (1973); Humphrey (1976); Auerbach (2002); Benjamin (1996); Lukács (2000) to gain insights into the novel concepts, as well as the structural and formal understanding of O Muro de pedras. Regarding the central theme of loneliness, crucial discussions by Minois (2019), as well as the perspectives of Montaigne (2010) and Paz (2014), are considered alongside psychoanalytic studies by Freud (2010) and Klein (1983). Through our analysis, we concluded that the loneliness portrayed in the novel is not a permanent state, but rather a transient experience. Loneliness is an inevitable facet of the human condition, a challenge to be overcome in the process of forming one's identity as an individual in society. With this research, we aim to underscore the significance of revisiting Elisa Lispector's work within the context of Brazilian literature studies.