Uma análise da capacidade de pagamento dos estados brasileiros e do Distrito Federal (2018 a 2021), com o enfoque da CAPAG/STN

Abstract

The concept of financial condition involves the relationship between the maintenance of service levels and the effects of economic crises on the need for public spending, so that governments are able to meet their financial obligations. The financial situation of public entities needs to be evaluated based on the economic scenarios, political and social circumstances that influence government decisions. The classification of the payment capacity (CAPAG) of the State, Federal District or Municipality requesting a guarantee or guarantee from the Union will be determined based on the analysis of the following economic and financial indicators: indebtedness; current savings; and liquidity. This research aims to analyze the situation of the payment capacity of the 26 Brazilian States and the Federal District, from 2018 to 2021, with a focus on CAPAG/STN. To achieve the objective, data were extracted from the Financial Bulletins of Subnational Entities, which are documents published annually by the National Treasury Secretariat (STN) since 2016. The results revealed that only 10 Brazilian states, in the period from 2018 to 2021, were eligible in all years at CAPAG/STN, which corresponds to 37% of state federative units. The performance of the state of Espírito Santo (ES) stands out, for having presented the best CAPAG classification in all the years of the analysis of this study, while states such as Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Rio Grande do Sul (South) and Minas Gerais (MG) had the worst performance in CAPAG in the entire period (2018 to 2021). The study contributes to research in the area of Public Finance, as it presents the analysis of the payment capacity of subnational entities in different ways to assess the financial situation of governments seeking a guarantee or guarantee from the Union.