As principais motivações para aderência de idosos ao treinamento resistido em academias: uma revisão narrativa de literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Aging is a natural physiological process that every human being will go through. This fact is associated with physical, psychological and social changes, as well as the emergence of chronic degenerative diseases resulting from inadequate lifestyle habits. Thus, physical exercise comes as a tool to alleviate all these negative circumstances resulting from people with advanced age. Objective: This study seeks to understand the motivations of the elderly population/public who perform some type of physical exercise. Motivation is an active and intentional process, being directed towards a goal, where it will be influenced by personal (intrinsic) and environmental (extrinsic) factors, and there may also be individuals who have no motivation at all. A literature review research will be carried out in a narrative form, describing the main types of motivations that each senior has when they are in the process of resistance physical exercise in gyms. Methods: Searches were performed in Google Scholar with the keywords (Motivation AND elderly AND adherence AND resistance training AND gyms), in Scielo (Motivation AND elderly AND permanence AND gyms) and finally, in the Capes Periodicals database (Motivation OR elderly OR adherence OR resistance training OR gyms) without any time limitation, and the last search occurred on December 9, 2024. Results: Seven articles passed the inclusion criteria. The studies were carried out in various regions of Brazil and even outside the country. Among all the participants interviewed and who answered the corresponding questionnaires, most of them presented extrinsic motivation in an integrated way as the main motivation, only one study that compared men and women, in which males obtained “Pleasure as a primary factor in the practice of resistance exercise. Conclusion: The findings of the studies show that most elderly people are exclusively concerned with their health, and many times it is already indicated by the doctor, due to sedentary behavior and presentation of some chronic disease.